Creating Artificial Volcanoes with Sun Blocking Chemicals and Sucking Carbon Dioxide to Prevent Runaway Global Warming and Climate Change! Learn about the Technology and History of Geoengineering.

Geoengineering, Climate Engineering, and Climate Intervention

“The emissions and the climate change that we’re causing with that is already a massive experiment on our world that we don’t really know the outcome of. So I don’t think we should start another set of experiments and go into geoengineering. I think we should get our act together and reduce our emissions.” U.N. Assistant Secretary-General Janos Pasztor

Geoengineering is the term associated with technology used to address climate change and global warming with solutions ranging from painting roofs white, to genetically modified crops that reflect light, dumping iron in the ocean to make algae grow, pumping salt into clouds to make them shiny, and even mirrors in space and acid clouds to block the sun.

We oppose all methods of geoengineering which include spraying our skies with chemicals or making clouds to block sunlight. You cannot solve pollution problems with more pollution.

Solar Radiation Modification (SRM) is the process of blocking and reflecting sunlight with man-made chemicals like Aluminum, Sulfur, Titanium, and even Diamond Dust. Scientists seek to mimic volcanoes and cool our planet despite the obvious moral and legal implications. (see Stratospheric Sulfur Geoengineering - Benefits and Risks by Alan Robock)

The most obvious reason that global weather control with Geoengineering SRM can not happen in the next decade is simple: Nobody has been able to prove the efficacy of cloud-seeding for over 60 years.

Below is a table of contents for my research regarding climate engineering, maps, interactive timeline, and my solution: The Environmental Modification Accountability Act.

Presentations

Geoengineering Technology

Solar Radiation Management (SRM)

Also referred to as Solar Radiation Modification (SRM)

SRM techniques attempt to reflect sunlight back into space, and include a range of ideas, from orbiting mirrors, tonnes of sulphates sprayed into the stratosphere, and modifying clouds, plants and ice to make them more reflect more sunlight.

Some climate scientists are now proposing geoengineering interventions in the atmosphere to suppress global warming - most prominently Stratospheric Aerosol Injection (SAI): The idea here is to inject inorganic particles – such as sulphur dioxide – into the stratosphere to block incoming sunlight.

In other schemes, plastic beads and other materials are proposed to cover ice surfaces to prevent them from melting. These schemes to manipulate our ecosystems come with great risks and uncertainties, as well as with foreseeable adverse impacts on our natural ecosystems and human communities depending on them.

The video below presents SAI as a method of Solar Radiation Management and focusses on the risks, negative impacts and potential side-effects of this “solution” for tackling climate change. These include severe implications for international peace and security.

“A technofix for the climate? Atmospheric geoengineering (Solar Radiation Management)”Watch this Video on YouTube
Earth Radiation Management (ERM)

ERM proponents suggest that negative effects of climate change can be offset by allowing heat to escape into space – for example, by cirrus cloud thinning (CCT) or cirrus cloud seeding (CCS).

If the time and place of seeding is selected with care, the climate effect of cirrus thinning can be enhanced. For that, only the long-wave warming effect of cirrus clouds should be targeted, and their solar effect should be avoided. This can be achieved if seeding is limited to high-latitude winters or to nighttime seeding.

Lohmann, Ulrike, and Blaž Gasparini. "A cirrus cloud climate dial?." Science 357.6348 (2017): 248-249. DOI: 10.1126/science.aan3325

Geoengineering Solar Radiation Management versus Earth Radiation Management
“CLOUDLESS NIGHTS? Cirrus Cloud Thinning #CirrusCloudsMatter”Watch this Video on YouTube
Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR)

These proposals posit that it’s possible to suck carbon out of the atmosphere on a massive scale, using a combination of biological and mechanical methods, from seeding the ocean with iron pellets to create plankton blooms to creating forests of mechanical “artificial trees”.

Some climate scientists are now proposing geoengineering interventions on land to halt global warming - most prominently Bio-Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS), which combines two controversial technologies: bioenergy and CCS. These schemes to manipulate our ecosystems and global natural processes come with great risks and uncertainties, as well as with foreseeable adverse impacts on land ecosystems and human communities depending on them.

The video below presents BECCS as the posterchild of Carbon Dioxide Removal technologies on land. We focus on the risks, negative impacts and potential side-effects of BECCS, and address some of the real solutions the land sector offers for tackling climate change.

“A technofix for the climate? Land based geoengineering (BECCS)”Watch this Video on YouTube
Geoengineering Methods: Solar Radiation Modification and Carbon Dioxide Removal Infographic

Geoengineering FAQ

Who’s Funding Geoengineering Research, Governance, and Deployment?

David Keith

David Keith Geoengineering Solar Radiation Modification Author

Ken Caldeira

Ken Caldeira Geoengineering Solar Radiation Modification Author

Ben Kravitz

Ben Kravitz Geoengineering Solar Radiation Modification Author

Alan Robock

Alan Robock Geoengineering Solar Radiation Modification Author
Oldham P, Szerszynski B, Stilgoe J, Brown C, Eacott B, Yuille A. Mapping the landscape of climate engineering. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A 372, 20140065. (2014) doi:10.1098/rsta.2014.0065 • DOWNLOAD PDF
Diagram of the global network of solar geoengineering funding

Surprise, Kevin, and J. P. Sapinski. "Economic interests and ideologies behind solar geoengineering research in the United States." Solar Geoengineering Non-Use Agreement (2022).

Necheles, Ella, Lizzie Burns, Amy Chang, and David Keith. "Funding for Solar Geoengineering from 2008-2018." Harvard’s Solar Geoengineering Research Program (2018). • DOWNLOAD PDF

Opposition to Geoengineering: Calls for Global Ban

“Hands Off Mother Earth” Manifesto: A Permanent Ban on Geoengineering (2018)

110 civil society organizations and popular movements denounce geoengineering and demand an immediate stop to all open-air experiments. If your organization would like to join the fight against geoengineering and endorse the HOME Manifesto, please send an email.

“Hands Off Mother Earth” Manifesto: A Permanent Ban on Geoengineering

Solar Geoengineering Non-Use Agreement (2022)

On 17 January 2022, more than 60 senior climate scientists and governance scholars from around the world launched a global initiative calling for an International Non-Use Agreement on Solar Geoengineering. Hundreds of scholars now support the call for a Non-Use Agreement.

Solar geoengineering deployment cannot be fairly governed globally and poses unacceptable risk if implemented as a future climate policy option.

We call on fellow academics, civil society organizations and concerned individuals to sign our open letter to governments, the United Nations and other actors to stop development and potential use of planetary-scale solar geoengineering technologies.

More than 300 academics from 50 countries have signed our Open Letter for an International Non-Use Agreement on Solar Geoengineering
27 Reasons to Ban Geoengineering Solar Radiation Modification (SRM)
27 Reasons Stratospheric Geoengineering is a Bad Idea - Alan Robock

Robock, Alan. "Stratospheric Sulfur Geoengineering - Benefits and Risks." 21st Conference on Planned and Inadvertent Weather Modification, American Meteorological Society 98th Annual Meeting (2018).

Geoengineering, also called climate engineering, has been proposed to address global warming, involving “solar radiation management (SRM)” by injecting particles into the stratosphere, brightening clouds, or blocking sunlight with satellites between the Sun and Earth. (“Geoengineering” also refers to carbon dioxide reduction, a completely different proposed technology, with different costs and governance. It is not addressed here.) While volcanic eruptions have been suggested as innocuous examples of stratospheric aerosols cooling the planet, the volcano analog actually argues against stratospheric geoengineering because of ozone depletion and regional hydrologic responses. No such systems to conduct stratospheric geoengineering now exist, but a comparison of different proposed stratospheric injection schemes, using airplanes, balloons, and artillery, shows that using airplanes to put sulfur gases into the stratosphere would not be expensive. Nevertheless, it would be very difficult to create stratospheric sulfate particles with a desirable size distribution.

Our Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP), conducting climate model experiments with standard stratospheric aerosol injection scenarios, is ongoing. We have found that if we could counteract increasing greenhouse gases with global insolation reduction we could keep the global average temperature constant, but global average precipitation would reduce, particularly in summer monsoon regions around the world. Temperature changes would also not be uniform. The tropics would cool, but high latitudes would warm, with continuing, but reduced sea ice and ice sheet melting. New experiments with time- and space-varying sulfate injections, or that combine stratospheric SRM with surface brightening, show that it may be possible to control to some extent these regional differences. Temperature extremes would still increase, but not as much as without SRM.

If SRM were halted all at once, there would be rapid temperature and precipitation increases at 5-10 times the rates from gradual global warming. Sudden geoengineering termination would more than double temperature velocities for the land and ocean, and would more than triple temperature velocities in multiple global biodiversity hotspots. These geoengineering-associated velocities exceed even the most optimistic dispersal rate estimates for many species, increasing local extinction risks. Rapid geoengineering implementation and termination would significantly increase the threats to global biodiversity and ecosystems from climate change.

SRM combined with CO2 fertilization would have small impacts on rice production in China, but would increase maize production. New experiments with the Community Earth System Model from the National Center for Atmospheric Research, which includes comprehensive tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry, show that SRM using stratospheric aerosols would reduce stratospheric ozone and enhance surface UV-B radiation. The enhanced downward diffuse radiation would increase the surface CO2sink. Surface ozone and tropospheric chemistry would likely be affected by SRM, but the overall effect is strongly dependent on the SRM scheme.

If there were a way to continuously inject SO2 into the lower stratosphere, it would produce global cooling, stopping melting of the ice caps, and increasing the uptake of CO2 by plants. But there are at least 27 reasons why stratospheric geoengineering may be a bad idea. These include disruption of the Asian and African summer monsoons, reducing precipitation to the food supply for billions of people; ozone depletion; no more blue skies; reduction of solar power; and rapid global warming if it stops. Furthermore, there are concerns about commercial or military control, and it may seriously degrade terrestrial astronomy and satellite remote sensing. Global efforts to reduce anthropogenic emissions (mitigation) and to adapt to climate change are a much better way to channel our resources to address anthropogenic global warming.

“Stratospheric Sulfur Geoengineering - Benefits and Risks.”Watch this Video on YouTube
Solar Radiation Modification Will Kill People

David Keith admits geoengineering SRM will kill many tens of thousands of people

“Geoengineering Debate - August.07.2013 (1:10:17)”Watch this Video on YouTube

SRM geoengineering: how to deal with the losers?

It is likely that any SRM geoengineering intervention will create winners and losers and some nations may always be against any intervention whatsoever.

Gregory Benford raised the issue of reaching agreement on the global scale and how problematic it would be. If for example the arctic council of nations agreed to initiate a decade-long field trial to cool the arctic by 1 C, how could they deal with complaints from nations who felt that this experiment had induced a negative change in their climate?

In any given year there are floods, droughts, heatwaves, etc. but during this field trial a fraction of these events would be attributed (rightly or wrongly, partially or fully) to the intervention. Two questions arise:

Could it be determined if any changes in the climate (outside of the target area) had occurred as a result of the intervention during a 10 year trial?

How would aggrieved nations or peoples seek reparations for perceived negative impacts (scientifically proven or otherwise)?

best regards, Pete Irvine. PhD student, School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol

SOURCE: Ken Caldeira's Geoengineering Group

Double catastrophe: Intermittent stratospheric geoengineering induced by societal collapse

System diagram of the double catastrophe scenario.

Perceived failure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has prompted interest in avoiding the harms of climate change via geoengineering, that is, the intentional manipulation of Earth system processes. Perhaps, the most promising geoengineering technique is stratospheric aerosol injection (SAI), which reflects incoming solar radiation, thereby lowering surface temperatures. This paper analyzes a scenario in which SAI brings great harm on its own. The scenario is based on the issue of SAI intermittency, in which aerosol injection is halted, sending temperatures rapidly back toward where they would have been without SAI. The rapid temperature increase could be quite damaging, which in turn creates a strong incentive to avoid intermittency. In the scenario, a catastrophic societal collapse eliminates society's ability to continue SAI, despite the incentive. The collapse could be caused by a pandemic, nuclear war, or other global catastrophe. The ensuing intermittency hits a population that is already vulnerable from the initial collapse, making for a double catastrophe. While the outcomes of the double catastrophe are difficult to predict, plausible worst-case scenarios include human extinction. The decision to implement SAI is found to depend on whether global catastrophe is more likely from double catastrophe or from climate change alone. The SAI double catastrophe scenario also strengthens arguments for greenhouse gas emissions reductions and against SAI, as well as for building communities that could be self-sufficient during global catastrophes. Finally, the paper demonstrates the value of integrative, systems-based global catastrophic risk analysis.

SOURCE: Baum, Seth D., Timothy M. Maher Jr, and Jacob Haqq-Misra. "Double catastrophe: Intermittent stratospheric geoengineering induced by societal collapse." Environment Systems & Decisions 33.1 (2013): 168-180.

Geoengineering Computer Models Are Flawed

Policy-makers will rely on computer models of a simulated geoengineered world to determine risks associated with deploying solar radiation management. Many geoengineering models exist and their results are summed up by the Geoengineering Model Intercomparison Project (GeoMIP). Despite the claimed credulity of these predictive computer models, there will never be a model that can predict the outcome of deploying stratospheric aersol injection due to several facts:

1. Computer models cannot accurately predict the weather seven days from now, but are we to trust simulations of an engineered climate?

2. Computer models do not have enough information to accurately predict risks as described by Alan Robock above: Physical and biological climate system, Human Impacts, Esthetics, Unknows, Governance, or ethical negative impacts.

3. It is necessary to point out that many attempts and experiments to modify the atmospheric processes and weather phenomena have been made in the previous century. However, both geoengineering and weather modification are considered outside the scope of control theory. This gives rise to a number of very important problems, which are currently only formulated in general terms, such as problems related to the validation of the input and output variables, determination of the boundaries of both geoengineering activities and weather modification, statement of climate and weather manipulation goals as well as methods of achieving the objectives.

Soldatenko, Sergei, and Rafael Yusupov. "On the possible use of geophysical cybernetics in climate manipulation (geoengineering) and weather modification." WSEAS Transactions on Environment and Development 11 (2015): 116-125.
Experiment Earth: Responsible innovation in geoengineering. GeoMIP model flaws
Stilgoe, Jack. “Experiment Earth: Responsible innovation in geoengineering.” Routledge, 2015. (pg 162) https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315849195DOWNLOAD PDF
Geoengineering Maps

Check out the following Geoengineering and Weather Modification maps to see where the Climate Changers are experimenting with your weather.

ETC Group Geoengineering Map map.geoengineeringmonitor.org
Weather Modification Experiments. View Map on ClimateViewer 3D.

Geoengineering Subsections

For more background information and analysis on geoengineering, and to get involved, please visit https://www.geoengineeringmonitor.org/, a civil society information hub on geoengineering, run by ETC Group, Biofuelwatch and Heinrich Böll Foundation.

Broken Links

If any of the links above do not work, copy the URL and paste it into the form below to check the Wayback Machine for an archived version of that webpage.

Jim Lee, ClimateViewer News
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Geoengineering Posts

Mexico Bans “Make Sunsets” Rogue Geoengineering


April 2022 - Present

Make Sunsets, Inc. was founded in October 2022 by Luke Iseman and Andrew Song and is based in Box Elder, South Dakota. The company aims to “create ref [...]


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Solar Geoengineering Non-Use Agreement


January 17, 2022

On 17 January 2022, more than 60 senior climate scientists and governance scholars from around the world launched a global initiative calling for an I [...]


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Stratospheric Controlled Perturbation Experiment (SCoPEx) StratoCruiser


Spring 2019

Originally proposed by Bill Gates’ company Intellectual Ventures, the StratoShield has been renamed the StratoCruiser and a team funded by Bill Gates’ [...]


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“Hands Off Mother Earth” Manifesto: A Permanent Ban on Geoengineering


October 2018

110 civil society organizations and popular movements denounce geoengineering and demand an immediate stop to all open-air experiments. If your organi [...]


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Stratospheric Sulfur Geoengineering - Benefits and Risks


January 10, 2018

Recorded Wednesday, 10 January 2018: 8:45 AM Room 16AB (ACC) (Austin, Texas) Alan Robock, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ. [1] Geoengineering, a [...]


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NASA/DLR-Multidisciplinary Airborne eXperiments, Emission and CLimate Impact of alternative Fuel (ND-MAX/ECLIF 2)


January 2018

“In January 2018, the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR) and the US National Aeronautics and Space Administratio [...]


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Congressional Hearing on Geoengineering: Innovation, Research, and Technology


November 8, 2017

The purpose of this hearing is to assess the status of geoengineering research in the United States, while also exploring potential technologies and i [...]


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Harvard’s Solar Geoengineering Research Program


March 24, 2017

Produce research that advances solar geoengineering’s science and technology frontier, publishing high-impact papers, and disseminating ideas that are [...]


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Commercial Aviation Creating Ice Haze and “Accidental Geoengineering”


December 2015

If the recent clear sky “brightening” trend were due to cleaner air and fewer aerosols alone, it should be accompanied by an increase in direct downwe [...]


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Geoengineering Necessary to Meet COP21 Goals


November - December 2015

“Within the Paris agreement there’s an implicit assumption that there will need to be greenhouse gases removed,” said Phil Williamson, a scientist at [...]


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HAARP Ionospheric Heater Sold to University of Alaska, Back Online


September 3, 2015

Instead of falling to the dozer blade, the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program has new life. In mid-August, U.S. Air Force General Tom Masi [...]


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Activists Challenge EPA at Hearing on Flight Pollution


August 11, 2015

The Environmental Protection Agency held a public hearing its Washington, D.C., headquarters to hear from environmental groups, aircraft industry repr [...]


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CIA Concerned Rogue Geoengineering is Undetectable!


January - March 2015

Rogue Geoengineering is Undetectable Using Modern Sensors A fundamental scientific question is whether an engineered increase in reflectivity (albedo) [...]


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Contrail Cirrus Cloud Seeding and Thinning


January 2015

“Jon Egill Kristjansson told us about the fine line a potential cloud seeder would have to walk by seeding small, homogenous ice nuclei in cirrus clou [...]


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Jet Biofuel Enlisted for Contrail Control


February 2013 - July 2014

“Contrails might be a punch line in the culture these days, thanks to the imaginative folks who have rechristened them “chemtrails” and embroidered th [...]


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Russ George: The World's First Rogue Geoengineer


August 12-29, 2012

Geoengineering: Ocean Iron Fertilization (OIF) Russ George dumps iron in the Pacific Ocean with his Haida Salmon Restoration Project. A very large sub [...]


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AMEG Demands Global Geoengineering, Project LUCY, & The ANGELS Proposal


May - December 2012

The Arctic Methane Emergency Group (AMEG) sent a letter to world leaders [1] demanding immediate geoengineering to prevent runaway global warming due [...]


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Aquiess and SciBlue Steer Atmospheric River Over Texas


April 16 - July 16, 2012

Fresh water has been dubbed “Blue Gold” in many publications as potable water will be to this century what oil was to the last century. Less than thre [...]


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Do Planes Trigger Rains? Fallstreak Holes


August 21, 2011

The rain in Spain falls mainly on the plane. Or so the saying goes, but new research has confirmed that airplanes do cause clouds to dump their conten [...]


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United Nations Environmental Program Warns Geoengineering Could Hurt Ozone Layer


August 1-5, 2011

Synthesis report: “Deliberate injections of sulphur-containing compounds into the stratosphere, which have been suggested as a climate intervention ap [...]


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Eastern Pacific Emitted Aerosol Cloud Experiment (E-PEACE)


February 23, 2011

E-PEACE, an experiment which while not identifying as SRM resulted in clear implications for marine cloud brightening (MCB) technology post hoc; E-PEA [...]


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Stratospheric Particle Injection for Climate Engineering (SPICE)


October 2010

SPICE (Stratospheric Particle Injection for Climate Engineering) is an EPSRC, NERC and STFC co-funded 3 1/2 year collaboration between the University [...]


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Solar Radiation Management Governance Initiative (SRMGI)


September 28, 2010

The Royal Society has launched a Solar Radiation Management Governance Initiative (SRMGI) in partnership with the Academy of Sciences for the Developi [...]


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United Nations Warns Against Large Scale Weather Modification


March 22-24, 2010

It should be realised that the energy involved in weather systems is so large that it is impossible to create artificially rain storms, alter wind pat [...]


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ICAO Presentation on Intentional Geoengineering with Contrail Cirrus


March 4, 2010

Ulrich Schumann addresses the ICAO Colloquium on Aviation and Climate Change regarding mitigation options for aviation pollution and contrail cirrus c [...]


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The Asilomar International Conference on Climate Intervention Technologies


February 22-26, 2010

In the beginning, I had my doubts. The Asilomar International Conference on Climate Intervention Technologies, held last week at the Asilomar conferen [...]


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DHS Hurricane Mitigation: Project HURRMIT and HAMP


January 2010

The back-to-back devastating hurricane seasons of 2004 and 2005 suggested that hurricanes might be a threat to national security, especially as the cl [...]


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The Intellectual Ventures StratoShield “Hose in the Sky”


November 28, 2009

Bill Gates' "StratoShield" would later be rebranded as David Keith's SCoPeX "StratoCruiser." Called a Stratospheric Shield, or StratoShield for short, [...]


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US/UK Joint Inquiry on Geoengineering: House Hearings


November 2009 - March 2010

Collaboration and Coordination on Geoengineering Introduction A joint inquiry on geoengineering was initiated in 2009 by the Science and Technology co [...]


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NOAA Refuses DHS Hurricane Modification Program


July 29, 2009

As we reported in May, more than 25 years after termination of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Project Stormfury, which aimed to [...]


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Operational Defenses through Weather Control in 2030


April 2009

“create localized fog or stratus cloud formations shielding critical assets against attack from energy based weapons” The United States needs to incor [...]


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COntrails Spreading Into Cirrus (COSIC)


March 2009

COntrails Spreading Into Cirrus (COSIC) aims to quantify the climate role of line shaped contrails caused by air-traffic that you often see in the sky [...]


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Council on Foreign Relations on Planetary Scale Geoengineering


May 5, 2008

Geoengineering: Workshop on Unilateral Planetary Scale Geoengineering May 5, 2008 - Washington, DC [1] Directors: David G. Victor, Adjunct Senior Fell [...]


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Department of Homeland Security Hurricane Modification Workshop Report


February 6-7, 2008

In view of these realities, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) with the organizational assistance of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Admin [...]


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Bill Gates Funds Geoengineering Research: FICER


January 2007 - Present

The Fund for Innovative Climate and Energy Research (FICER) Grants for (GEOENGINEERING) research are provided to the University of Calgary from gifts [...]


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CBS News: Sky Graffiti Warming Up Earth?


July 29, 2006

CBS News, Aired July 29, 2006 2:19 PM. Contrails are lines of exhaust left by planes. It can be fun to watch them as they crisscross the sky. But as A [...]


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HAARP Ionospheric Research Instrument (IRI) Operating at Full Power


2006

HAARP IRI is completed, with 180 towers, 72' tall, 80' apart, each with two pairs of crossed dipole antennas (2.8 to 8.3 MHz)(7 to 10 MHz), and a radi [...]


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Harnessing Artificial Tornadoes as an Energy Source


October 1, 2005

An atmospheric vortex engine (AVE) uses a controlled vortex to capture mechanical energy produced when heat is carried upward by convection in the atm [...]


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Russian Geoengineering Solar Radiation Management Field Experiment


September 25, 2005

Results of a field experiment on studying solar radiation passing in the visible wavelength range are described with the model aerosol media created i [...]


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Weather Modification Research and Technology Transfer Authorization Act of 2005


June 20, 2005

FAILED: H.R. 2995 (109th): Weather Modification Research and Technology Transfer Authorization Act of 2005. Rep. Mark Udall (Democrat) It is the purpo [...]


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September 11, 2001 Airline Groundings: Contrails Affect Daily Temperature Range


September 11, 2001

All flights were grounded after the September 11, 2001 attacks on the twin towers. A team of NASA scientists noticed that it got much colder that nigh [...]


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CME Group Launches Weather Derivatives


June 1999

Stock Market Betting On Weather and Climate Events From heat waves to arctic cold outbreaks, weather often has a significant impact on business. CME G [...]


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Doctor Evil’s Geoengineering Plan: From National Lab to Global Governance


August 15, 1997 - April 19, 2002

Edward Teller, Lowell Wood, and Roderick Hyde from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory publish three papers on climate change, geoengineering, and [...]


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Test Technology Symposium 1997: Weather Modification


March 19, 1997

Dr. Arnold A. Barnes Jr. from the USAF Phillips Lab gave a presentation titled “Session B: Advanced Weapon/Instrumentation Technologies.” where he dis [...]


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Weather as a Force Multiplier: Owning the Weather in 2025


1995-1996

US Air Force dreams of future weather warfare techniques. 2025 is a study designed to comply with a directive from the chief of staff of the Air Force [...]


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FOIA Reveals U.S. Air Force Paper “Counterforce Weather Control: SPACECAST 2020”


June 1994

Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) Classified Release Counterforce Weather Control: SPACECAST 2020, Volume II [1]This is our final reply to your Januar [...]


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Mount Pinatubo Eruption Cools Planet, Scientists Rejoice


June 12, 1991

The ozone hole over Antarctica was the largest recorded following the Mt. Pinatubo eruption on June 12, 1991. Climate engineers excited by the global [...]


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Geoengineering with Sulfur, Jet Fuel, and Commercial Aviation


1991 - Present

Scientists propose how to geoengineer contrails with biofuels and sulfur-doped jet fuel 1991 - Stratospheric welsbach seeding for reduction of global [...]


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The “Silver Lining Project” Marine Cloud Brightening Boats


September 27, 1990

Double duty geoengineering and weather modification boats that spray oceanic salt water into clouds (marine strato-cumulus) to make them reflect sunli [...]


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Free-Air Carbon Dioxide Enrichment (FACE) Experiment


1989-2010

Pumping CO2 into live forests to measure the effect of future climates on vegetation. The Free-Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) technology was first develope [...]


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Weather Modification: Programs, Problems, Policy, and Potential


May 1978

[FULL DISCLOSURE] Scoping report on all weather modification activities in the USA. This report was required by the Weather Modification Policy Act of [...]


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Cesare Marchetti Coins the Term “Geoengineering”


March 1977

Coined the term “geoengineering” and proposed sequestering CO2 in the deep ocean. The problem of C02 control in the atmosphere is tackled by proposing [...]


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The Environmental Modification Convention (ENMOD) Weather Warfare Ban


December 10, 1976 - January 17, 1980

The Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques Parties to the Environmental Modificat [...]


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National Weather Modification Policy Act of 1976


October 13, 1976

S. 3383 (94th): National Weather Modification Policy Act To authorize and direct the Secretary of Commerce to develop a national policy on weather mod [...]


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Weather Modification Reporting Act of 1972


December 18, 1971

Pubic Law 92–205, §1, Dec. 18, 1971, 85 Stat. 735 [H. R. 6893] [1] CHAPTER 9A-WEATHER MODIFICATION ACTIVITIES OR ATTEMPTS; REPORTING REQUIREMENT §330. [...]


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Two States Sue Airlines Over “Smoke Pollution of the Skies”


1970-1972

“likely contrails are affecting precipitation to a much greater extent than are present deliberate seeding operations.” [1] Illinois and New Jersey of [...]


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Weather and Climate Modification Reports from 1965-1966


1965-1966

The Honorable Leland J. Haworth Director National Science Foundation Washington, D. C. Dear Dr. Haworth: It is an honor to transmit herewith to the Na [...]


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Restoring the Quality of Our Environment


November 1965

Presidential report advises geoengineering solar radiation management (SRM) and investigated injecting condensation or freezing nuclei into the atmosp [...]


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President Lyndon Johnson Approves Weather Warfare


May 27, 1962 - 1969

“It lays the predicate and foundation for the development of a weather satellite that will permit man to determine the world's cloud layer and ultimat [...]


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President Kennedy United Nations Address On Weather Modification


September 25, 1961

“if the Soviets control space they can control earth, as in past centuries the nation that controlled the seas dominated the continents.” Senator John [...]


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U.S. Navy Creates and Destroys Clouds Using Carbon Black


September 9, 1958

"We dropped carbon black suspended in liquid, over a track a mile long and produced a solid line of clouds one mile long," Dr. Florence Van Straten to [...]


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Dam the Bering Strait, Use Nuclear-Powered Propellers to Melt Poles


1958

Arkady Markin, Soviet engineer; Proposed that the United States and Soviet Union build a gigantic dam across the Bering Strait and use nuclear power–d [...]


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Metal particle space ring to melt the arctic


1958

M. Gorodsky and Valentin Cherenkov proposed placing a ring of metallic potassium particles into Earth’s polar orbit to diffuse light reaching Earth an [...]


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Contrail Cirrus Complaints Begin Nationwide


November 16, 1948 - Present

"Darn Sky Riders: Jet Trails Dim Sun, Palm Springs Gripes" As you know our entire economy is dependent upon tourist trade, which is predicated on our [...]


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Great Plan for the Transformation of Nature


October 20, 1948

The Great Plan for the Transformation of Nature was proposed by Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union in the second half of the 1940s, for land developmen [...]


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Nuke the Arctic to Melt the Poles


1945

Professor Julian Huxley, biologist and Secretary-General of UNESCO 1946–48, proposed exploding atomic bombs at an appropriate height above the polar r [...]


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Great Plains Shelterbelt and the Dust Bowl


1934-1942

The Great Plains Shelterbelt was a project to create windbreaks in the Great Plains states of the United States, that began in 1934. President Frankli [...]


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Space mirrors to focus sunlight and melt polar icecaps


1929

Proposed building giant mirrors on a space station to focus the Sun’s radiation on Earth’s surface, making the far North habitable and freeing sea lan [...]


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End Of Iceberg Menace!


September 29, 1912

A $190,000,000 Newfoundland Jetty Would Cause Axis to Shift, C. L. Riker Believes. END OF THE ICEBERG MENACE Plan to Send Gulf Stream Unchilled into A [...]


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Fire a Cannon to Tilt Earth's Axis, Melt Poles


1889

CHAPTER XI “The idea followed by the Administrative Council of the N.P.P.A. and the object of which is to substitute a new axis for the old one is to [...]


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Reroute warm ocean currents to melt the polar icecaps!


January 3, 1887

“How to Change the North American Climate,” announced the headline of one modest proposal published in The Atlantic. How indeed? It’s quite simple, sa [...]


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